بررسی اثرات دورکنندگی اسانس گیاهان اسطوخودوس و آویشن شیرازی روی سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات و ارتباط آن با ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده اسانس ها

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• زهرا گلستانی کلات
• غلامحسین مروج
• مجید عزیزی ارانی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

10.22067/ijpr.v1393i2.47084

چکیده

در دو دهه گذشته تلاش های قابل توجه در انتخاب گیاهان مناسب جهت تولید و معرفی حشره کش های گیاهی جدید انجام شده است. در بررسی حاضر اثر دورکنندگی اسانس گیاهان اسطوخودوس ((Lavandula angustifolia و آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multiflora) روی حشرات کامل سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اسانس ها به روش تقطیر با آب استخراج شدند. آزمایشات در شرایط دمایی 1±30 درجه سانتیگراد، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و تاریکی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اسانس اسطوخودوس نسبت به آویشن شیرازی اثر دورکنندگی بیشتر داشت. هم چنین میزان دورکنندگی هر دو اسانس روی حشرات نر بیش از حشرات ماده بود. میزان دورکنندگی علیه حشرات نر در اثر غلظت های 69/17 و 77/30 میکروگرم بر لیتر از اسانس های اسطوخودوس و آویشن شیرازی به‌ترتیب معادل 80/92 و 60/77 درصد به‌دست آمد. میزان دورکنندگی علیه حشرات ماده در اثر غلظت های 08/23 و 77/30 میکروگرم بر لیتر از اسانس های اسطوخودوس و آویشن شیرازی به‌ترتیب معادل 80/76 و 40/68 درصد بود. آنالیز شیمیایی اسانس ها توسط دستگاه GC-MS نشان داد که ترکیبات اصلی اسانس اسطوخودوس، لینالول، 1، 8-سینئول، روزفوران اپوکساید، منتون، ایزومنتول و ترانس-دی هیدروکاروون و ترکیبات اصلی اسانس آویشن شیرازی تیمول، لینالول و پارا-سیمن بودند. با توجه به نتایج این بررسی به نظر می رسد، اسانس گیاهان مذکور خصوصاً گیاه اسطوخودوس جهت حفاظت محصولات خاصیت دورکنندگی مناسبی علیه سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اسانس های گیاهی
• حفاظت محصولات انباری
• کروماتوگرام
• GC-MS

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Repellent effects of the essential oils of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. and Zataria multiflora Boiss. on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) with reference to their chemical compositions

نویسندگان [English]

• Zahra Golestani kalat
• Gholamhosein Moravvej
• Majid Azizi Arani

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

In last two decades, considerable attempts have been made to introduce new botanical based insecticides. In this study, repellent effects of the essential oils taken from Lavandula angustifolia and Zataria multiflora on Callosobruchus maculatus adults were evaluated. The essential oils were extracted using a Clevenger apparatus. Bioassays were conducted under 30±1ºC, 60±5% RH and dark condition. The results indicated that L. angustifolia oil was more repellent than Z. multiflora oil. Also repellent effects of both oils on males were greater than those on females. The repellent activity rate of was % on adults essential oil at concentration of males and females The essential oils analysis by GC-MS showed that the main compounds of L. angustifolia oil were linalool, 1,8-cineol, rosefuran epoxide, menthone, isomenthol and dihydro carvone (trans) and those of Z. multiflora oil were thymol, linalool and p-cymene. According to these results, it seems that these two essential oils especially L. angustifolia oil are potentially good candidates for protection of stored products against C. maculatus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Essential oils
• Stored product protection
• Chromatogram
• GC-MS

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