بررسی تنوع ژنوتیپ‌های عدس (Lens culinaris Medik.) تحت تنش یخ‌زدگی در شرایط کنترل‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه بقولات پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار پژوهشی، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

5 دکتری علوم علف‌های‌هرز، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی صفات مؤثر در تحمل به یخ‌زدگی ژنوتیپ‌‌های عدس، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط کنترل‌شده در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1398 اجرا شد. عوامل موردمطالعه شامل 18 ژنوتیپ عدس در چهار دمای یخ‌زدگی (صفر، 15-، 18- و 20- درجه سانتی‌گراد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاهش دما به 18- و 20- درجه سانتی‌گراد سبب کاهش درصد بقاء در بیشتر ژنوتیپ‌ها شد. بیشترین درصد بقاء در دمای 18- درجه سانتی‌گراد در ژنوتیپ MLC11 مشاهده شد. هیچ‌کدام از ژنوتیپ‌های موردمطالعه قادر به تحمل
دمای 20-درجه سانتی‌گراد نبودند. در دمای 15- درجه سانتی‌گراد ژنوتیپ‌های MLC13، MLC17، MLC70، MLC409 و MLC454 دارای بقای بالای 80 درصد بودند. تجزیه به عامل‌ها نشان داد که عامل اول 12/31 درصد از تغییرات را با کلروفیلa، کاروتنوئیدها، نسبت Cha/Chb، کل رنگ‌دانه‌های فتوسنتزی و مهار فعالیت رادیکال آزاد DPPH و عامل دوم 28/18 درصد از تغییرات را با کلروفیلb، پراکسیداز، ارتفاع بوته و زیست‌توده توجیه می‌کند. با توجه به این صفات ژنوتیپ‌های MLC8، MLC13، MLC17، MLC38، MLC84، MLC286 و MLC334 به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های با تحمل بالا به تنش می‌باشند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای ژنوتیپ‌ها و مقایسه میانگین گروه‌ها نشان داد که تمامی صفات به‌جز کربوهیدرات‌های محلول، پرولین، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، کاتالاز و پتانسیل اسمزی در گروه‌ اول (MLC8، MLC11، MLC33، MLC47، MLC70، MLC84، MLC409، MLC454 و MLC472) نسبت به میانگین کل برتری داشتند. بنابراین از این ژنوتیپ‌ها به دلیل برتری از نظر بقاء می‌توان در مطالعات تکمیلی تحمل به یخ‌زدگی در شرایط مزرعه در مناطق سرد استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of diversity of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes under freezing stress in controlled conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jafar Nabati 1
  • Ahmad Nezami 2
  • seyede mahbubeh mirmiran 3
  • Mohammad Mohammadi 4
  • Alireza Hasanfard 5
1 Assistant Professor, Crop Physiology, Department of Legume, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Professor, Crop Physiology, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Assistant Professor, Crop Physiology, Khorasan-e-Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
4 MSc. in Seed Technology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
5 PhD. in Weed Science, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is an important legume that plays a significant role in food security and human nutrition in the world. Lentils provide protein and fiber, as well as many vitamins and minerals, such as iron, zinc, folate, and magnesium. Lentil is a moderately drought tolerant crop, but the yield is drastically reduced with increased drought stress. One of the simplest ways to reduce the effects of drought stress is regulate plant growth period to avoid moisture stress; termed as drought escape; therefore, autumn planting can be effective in reducing the effects of drought stress in lentile. On the other hand, cold and freezing are the most important factor limiting lentil cultivation in autumn planting. Considering the importance of autumn planting in cold and highlands areas to use the seasonal rainfall in lentile crop and also due to the diversity among lentil genotypes for cold tolerance and the importance of lentil as a source of high nutritional value, this study was conducted to identify cold tolerant lentils genotypes.
 
Materials and Methods
This research was carried out in order to investigate the effective traits in freezing tolerance of lentil genotypes, as factorial based on Completely Randomized Design with three replications under controlled conditions at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2020. The studied factors included 18 lentil genotypes at four freezing temperatures (0, -15, -18 and -20 °C). The pots were irrigated 24 hours before the freezing stress and then transferred to the thermogradient freezer to apply the tretments in mid-February. The freezer temperature at the beginning of the experiment was 5 °C and after placing the samples with slope of 2 °C per hour the temperature decreased. In order to create ice nucleation in the plant and to avoid the supercooling phenomenon, at 3 °C, Ice nucleation active bacteria (INAB) were sprayed on the plant. In order to balance the ambient temperature, seedlings were kept in each temperature treatment for one hour and then overnight in a cold room at 5 °C. Before exposing the plant to freezing stress, photosynthetic pigments, DPPH radical activity, anthocyanin, total phenol, soluble carbohydrates, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content, catalase activity, peroxidase activity, and the relative water content (RWC) of the osmotic potential were measured. Three weeks after transferring the samples to the greenhouse, the survival percentage of the samples were evaluated. Plant survival percentage was calculated by counting the number of live plants before and after frost stress in each pot.
 
Results and Discussion
The results showed that lowering the temperature to -18 and -20°C reduced the survival rate in most genotypes. The highest survival percentage was observed in MLC11 genotype at -18°C. None of the studied genotypes could withstand temperatures of -20°C. At -15°C, MLC13, MLC17, MLC70, MLC409 and MLC454 genotypes had a survival of over 80%. Factor analysis showed that the first factor accounted for 31.12% of the changes with chlorophyll a, carotenoids, Cha to Chb ratio, total photosynthetic pigments and inhibition of DPPH free radical activity and the second factor accounted for 18.28% of the changes with chlorophyll b, peroxidase, plant height and biomass justifies. Due to these traits, MLC8, MLC13, MLC17, MLC38, MLC84, MLC286 and MLC334 genotypes are considered as high stress tolerance genotypes. Analysis of genotype clusters and comparison of group means showed that all traits except soluble carbohydrates, proline, relative leaf water content, catalase and osmotic potential in the first group (MLC8, MLC11, MLC33, MLC47, MLC70, MLC84, MLC4, MLC409, MLC409) They were superior to the total average.
 
Conclusion
Significant variations were observed among the genotypes studied in terms of survival rate, regrowth, and antioxidant traits. Clustering and mean comparison analysis revealed that genotypes in the first group exhibited superior cold tolerance. These genotypes outperformed the overall average in most of the examined traits. On the other hand, genotypes in the second and third groups had lower mean survival rates compared to the overall mean, indicating their higher sensitivity to stress. The first group included genotypes MLC8, MLC11, MLC33, MLC47, MLC70, MLC84, MLC409, MLC454, and MLC472. Further investigations of these genotypes under field conditions are recommended to explore their potential and performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase
  • Cluster analysis
  • Osmotic potential
  • Proline
  • Soluble carbohydrates

مراجع

  1. Abe, N., Murata, T., and Hirota, A. 1998. Novel 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhy- drazyl- radical scavengers, bisorbicillin and demethyltrichodimerol, from a fungus. Bioscience Biotechnology Biochemistry 62 (4): 61-662.
  2. Ali, M.B., and McNear, D.H. 2014. Induced transcriptional profiling of phenylpropanoid pathway genes increased flavonoid and lignin content in Arabidopsis leaves in response to microbial products. BMC Plant Biology 14(1): 84.
  3. Asghar, M.J., Hameed, A., Rizwan, M., Shahid, M., and Atif, R.M. 2021. Lentil wild genetic resource: A potential source of genetic improvement for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. In: Wild Germplasm for Genetic Improvement in Crop Plants. Academic Press. p. 321-341.
  4. Banerjee, A., and Roychoudhury, A. 2016. Plant responses to light stress: oxidative damages, photoprotection and role of phytohormones. In: G.J. Ahammed, J.Q. Yu, (Eds.). Plant Hormones Under Challenging Environmental Factors. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. p. 181–213.
  5. Banerjee, A., and Roychoudhury, A. 2018. Abiotic stress, generation of reactive oxygen species, and their consequences: an overview. In: V.P. Singh, S. Singh, D.Tripathi, et al. (Eds.). Revisiting the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Plants: ROS Boon or Bane for Plants?. USA: Wiley. p.23–50
  6. Banerjee, A., and Roychoudhury, A. 2019. Cold stress and photosynthesis. Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress, USA: Wiley.
  7. Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., and Teare, I. D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil 39 (1): 205-207.
  8. Choudhury, F. K., Rivero, R. M., Blumwald, E., and Mittler, R. 2017. Reactive oxygen species, abiotic stress and stress combination. Plant Journal 90 (5): 856–867.
  9. Dere, S., Gines, T., and Sivaci, R. 1998. Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophylla, b and total carotenoid contents of some algae species using different solvents. Turkish Journal of Botany 22 (1): 13-17.
  10. Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., and Smith, F. 1951. A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars. Nature 168, 167.
  11. Esteban, R., Moran, J.F., Becerril, J.M., and Garcia-Plazaola, J.I. 2015. Versatility of carotenoids: an integrated view on diversity, evolution, functional roles and environmental interactions. Environmental and Experimental Botany 119: 63–75.
  12. Furtauer, L., Weiszmann, J., Weckwerth, W., and Nagele, T. 2019. Dynamics of plant metabolism during cold acclimation. International Journal of Molecular Science 20, 5411. 1-15.
  13. Grusak, M.A. and Coyne, C.J. 2009. Variation for seed minerals and protein concentrations in diverse germplasm of lentil. In North America Pulse Improvement Association, 20th Biennial Meeting October 2009. USA p. 11.
  14. Guo, X., Liu, D., and Chong, K. 2018. Cold signaling in plants: Insights into mechanisms and regulation. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 60(9): 745-
  15. Gururani, M. A., Venkatesh, J., and Tran, L.S.P. 2015. Regulation of photosynthesis during abiotic stress-induced photoinhibition. Molecular Plant 8(9): 1304-
  16. Hajihashemi, S., Noedoost, F., Geuns, J.M., Djalovic, I., and Siddique, K.H. 2018. Effects of cold stress on photosynthetic traits, carbohydrates, morphology and anatomy in nine cultivars of Stevia rebaudiana. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 1430.
  17. Heath, R.L., and Packer, L. 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 125 (1): 189-198.
  18. Jia, K., Baz, L., and Al-Babili, S. 2017. From carotenoids to strigolactones. Journal of Experimental Botany 69 (9): 2189-
  19. Jovanovic, S.V., Kukavica, B., Vidovic, M., Morina, F., and Menckho, L. 2018. Class III peroxidases: Functions, localization and redox regulation of isoenzymes. In Antioxidants and Antioxidant Enzymes in Higher Plants; Gupta, D., Palma, J., Corpas, F., Eds.; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, p. 269-
  20. Khaledian, Y., Maali-Amiri, R., and Talei, A. 2015. Phenylpropanoid and antioxidant changes in chickpea plants during cold stress. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 62 (6): 772-
  21. Kosova, K., Vitamvas, P., Urban, M.O., Prasil, I.T., and Renaut, J. 2018. Plant abiotic stress proteomics: The major factors determining alterations in cellular proteome. Frontiers in Plant Science 9, 122.
  22. Kuai, B., Chen, J., and Hortensteiner, S. 2018. The biochemistry and molecular biology of chlorophyll breakdown. Journal of Experimental Botany 69 (4): 751–767.
  23. Lei, Y., Shah, T., Yong, Ch., Yan, L., Xue-kun, Zh., and Xi-ling, Z. 2019. Physiological and molecular responses to cold stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus ). Journal of Integrative Agriculture 18 (12): 2742–2752.
  24. Lin, D., Kong, R., Chen, L., Wang, Y., Wu, L., Xu, J., Piao, Zh., Lee, G., and Dong, Y. 2020. Chloroplast development at low temperature requires the pseudouridine synthase gene TCD3 in rice. Scientific Reports 10: 8515. 1-12.
  25. Lin, D., Xiao, M., Zhao, J., Li, Z., Xing, B., and Li, X. 2016. An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Molecules 21, 1374.
  26. Liu, W., Yu, K., He, T., Li, F., Zhang, D., and Liu, J. 2013. The low temperature induced physiological responses of Avena nuda, a cold-tolerant plant species. The Scientific World Journal 1-7.
  27. Liu, Y., Tikunov, Y., Schouten, R.E., Marcelis, L.F.M., Visser, R.G.F., and Bovy, A. 2018. Anthocyanin biosynthesis and degradation mechanisms in solanaceous vegetables: a review. Frontiers in Chemistry 6: 52.
  28. Liu, Z., Jia, Y., Ding, Y., Shi, Y., Li, Z., Guo, Y., Gong, Z., and Yang, S. 2017. Plasma membrane CRPK1-mediated phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins induces their nuclear import to fine-tune CBF signaling during cold response. Molecular Cell 66 (1): 117–128.
  29. Murray, G.A., Eser, D., Gusta, L.V. and Eteve, G., 1988. Winterhardiness in pea, lentil, faba bean and chickpea. In World Crops: Cool Season Food Legumes p. 831-843. Springer, Dordrecht.
  30. Nabati, J., Nezami, A., Mirmiran, S.M., Hasanfard, A., Hojjat, S.S., and Bagheri, A. 2020b. Freezing tolerance in some lentil genotypes under controlled conditions. Seed and Plant Journal. 36 (2): 183-205. [In Persian with English Summary]
  31. Nabati, J., Nezami, A., Mirmiran, S.M., and Hojjat, S.S. 2020a. Evaluation of freezing tolerance of selected lentil (Lens culinaris ) genotypes in feild conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 51 (3): 89-101. (In Persian with English Summary).
  32. Naing, A.H., Ai, T.N., Lim, K.B., Lee, I.J., and Kim, C.K. 2018. Overexpression of Rosea1 from snapdragon enhances anthocyanin accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 1070.
  33. Paldi, K., Racz, I., Szigeti, Z., and Rudnoy, S. 2014. S_methylmethionine alleviates the cold stress by protection of the photosynthetic apparatus and stimulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Biologia Plantarum 58 (1): 189–194.
  34. Raja, V., Majeed, U., Kang, H., Andrabi, K.I., and John, R. 2017. Abiotic stress: Interplay between ROS, hormones and MAPKs. Environmental and Experimental Botany 137: 142–157.
  35. Rezaie, R., Abdollahi Mandoulakani, B., and Fattahi, M. 2020. Cold stress changes antioxidant defense system, phenylpropanoid contents and expression of genes involved in their biosynthesis in Ocimum basilicum Scientific Reports 10: 5290. 1-10.
  36. Sami, F., Yusuf, M., Faizan, M., Faraz, A., and Hayat, S. 2016. Role of sugars under abiotic stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 109: 54-61.
  37. Singleton, V.L., and Rossi, J.A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American journal of Enology and Viticulture 16(3): 144-158.
  38. Sinha, R., Pal, A.K., and Singh, A.K. 2018. Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of lentil (Lens culinaris) genotypes under drought stress. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 23(4): 772-784.
  39. Sirivibulkovit, K., Nouanthavong, S., and Sameenoi, Y. 2018. Paper-based DPPH assay for antioxidant activity analysis. Analytical Sciences. 34: 795-800.
  40. Smart, R. E., and Bingham, G. E. 1974. Rapid estimates of relative water content. Plant physiology 53: 258-260.
  41. Soengas, P., M.Rodriges, V., Velasco, P., and Caetea, M. E. 2018. Effect of temperature stress on antioxidant defenses in brassica oleracea. ACS Omega 3: 5237-
  42. Sreenivasulu, N., Ramanjulu, S., Ramachandra-Kini, K., Prakash, H., Shekar-Shetty, H., Savithri, H., and Sudhakar, C. 1999. Total peroxidase activity and peroxidase isoforms as modified by salt stress in two cultivars of fox-tail millet with differential salt tolerance. Plant Science 141(1): 1-9.
  43. Szepesi, A., and Szollosi, R. 2018. Mechanism of Proline Biosynthesis and Role of Proline Metabolism Enzymes Under Environmental Stress in Plants. Plant Metabolites and Regulation Under Environmental Stress, Academic Press p. 337-353.
  44. Tan, W.J., Yang, Y.C., Zhou, Y., Huang, L.P., Xu, L., Chen, Q.F., Yu, L.J., and Xiao, S. 2018. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase and Diacylglycerol kinase modulate triacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid production in the plant response to freezing stress. Plant Physiology 177 (3): 1303–1318.
  45. Valizadeh-Kamran, R., Toorchi, M., Mogadam, M., Mohammadi, H., and Pessarakli, M. 2017. Effects of freeze and cold stress on certain physiological and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition 41 (1): 102-111.
  46. Velikova, V., Yordanov, I., and Edreva, A. 2000. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science 151(1): 59-66.
  47. Wanger, G.J. 1979. Content and vacuole/ extra vacuole distribution of neutral sugars, free amino acids, and anthocyanin's in protoplast. Plant Physiology 64: 88-93.
  48. Wisniewski, M., Glenn, D.M., and Fuller, M.P. 2002. Use of a hydrophobic particle film as a barrier to extrinsic ice nucleation in tomato plants. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127(3): 358-364.
  49. Zhang, B., Liu, C., Wang, Y., Yao, X., Wang, F., and Wu, J. 2015. Disruption of a CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 4 gene converts flower colour from white to yellow in Brassica New Phytologist 206 (4): 1513-1526.
  50. Zhao, Y., Han, Q., Ding, Ch., Huang, Y., Liao, J., Chen, T., Feng, Sh., Zhou, L., Zhang, Zh., Chen, Y., Yuan, Sh., and Yuan, M. 2020. Effect of low temperature on chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis of rice seedlings during greening. International Journal of Molecular Science 21: 1-22.
  51. Zhou, Q., Luo, D., Chai, X., Wu, Y., Wang, Y., Nan, Zh., Yang, Q., Liu, W., and Liu, Zh. 2018. Multiple regulatory networks are activated during cold stress in Medicago sativa International Journal of Molecular Science 19: 3169. 1-18.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار