واکنش‌های مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل و حساس به خشکی نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی در مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشگاه پیام‌نور

چکیده

آزمایشی با هدف بررسی واکنش‌های مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی ژنوتیپ‌های حساس و متحمل به خشکی نخود در شرایط تنش خشکی با 14ژنوتیپ، شامل دو رقم تجاری جم (361MCC) و کرج( 358MCC)، سه ژنوتیپ کابلی و سه ژنوتیپ دسی متحمل به خشکی به‌ترتیب شامل 392MCC، 537MCC، 696MCC و 873MCC، 870MCC،10MCC و همچنین سه ژنوتیپ کابلی و سه ژنوتیپ دسی حساس به خشکی به‌ترتیب شامل 759MCC، 588MCC، 774MC و 39MCC، 45MCC و 101MCC در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در شرایط دیم انجام شد. ژنوتیپ‌های فوق در مرحله گلدهی، از نظر صفات وزن‌خشک اندام هوایی، طول ساقه، مقدار نسبی آب برگ، شاخص پایداری غشاء، پتانسیل آب برگ، سطح برگ، کارآیی فتوسیستمΙΙ (Fv/Fm)، میزان پروتئین کل محلول برگی، پرولین و میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین میزان پرولین و پروتئین کل محلول برگی وجود دارد. وزن‌خشک اندام هوایی و سطح برگ نیز همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری با میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز نشان دادند. فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، مقدار پرولین، پتانسیل آب برگ و کارآیی فتوسیستمΙΙ در ژنوتیپ‌های حساس به خشکی کمتر از سایر ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی و به‌ویژه ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل به خشکی بود که به‌نظر می‌رسد می‌توان از این صفات به‌عنوان شاخص‌های مناسبی جهت ارزیابی میزان تحمل به خشکی ژنوتیپ‌های نخود استفاده کرد. برخلاف رقم تجاری جم (361MCC)، در رقم تجاری کرج (358MCC) مقادیر بالایی از فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، مقدار پرولین، پتانسیل آب برگ و کارآیی فتوسیستمΙΙ مشاهده شد که این نتایج نشان از تحمل بالاتر این رقم به تنش خشکی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on drought stress effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.) under field condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ganjeali 1
  • Raheleh Rahbarian 2
  • Abdolreza Bagheri 1
  • Saeed Malekzadeh-Shafaroudi 1
1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Contribution from Payame Noor University
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate of morphological, physiological and biochemical traits, related to drought tolerance, an experiment was carried out in field condition. In this study two commercial cultivars (MCC361, MCC358), three Kabuli and three Deci type of tolerant genotypes (MCC392, MCC537, MCC696, MCC873, MCC870, MCC10,) and three Kabuli and three Deci type of susceptible genotypes (MCC759, MCC588, MCC774, MCC45, MCC39, MCC101) were grown in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad research field. These genotypes were compared in shoot length, dry weight, leaf area, Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, prolin and protein content and catalase activity in the flowering stage. There was a significant positive correlation between prolin and protein content. Catalase activity also had significant positive correlation with dry weight and leaf area. Susceptible genotypes had lower Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, prolin content and catalase activity than tolerant genotypes. Accordingly, Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, prolin content and catalase activity were introduced as suitable markers for identification of drought tolerant genotypes. Commercial cultivar (MCC358) was introduced as a tolerant genotype because of higher Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, prolin content and catalase activity as compared to susceptible genotypes under drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase
  • Chickpea
  • Drought stress
  • Fv/Fm
  • Prolin
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