اثر محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم نخود زراعی (Cicer arietinum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کردستان، ایران

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌تبریز، ایران

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، ایران

4 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد تبریز، ایران

5 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد سنندج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیک دو رقم نخود به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در بهار و تابستان سال1390 در منطقه سنندج بررسی شد. تنش خشکی در چهار سطح شامل شاهد (آبیاری کامل)، تنش در مرحله رویشی (از ابتدای شاخه‌دهی تا گلدهی)، تنش در مرحله زایشی (از گلدهی تا رسیدگی) و تنش در هر دو مرحله رویشی و زایشی بود. ارقام نخود شامل ILC482 و محلی کردستان به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی اول و ترکیبات تنظیم‌کننده رشد شامل اسید آسکوربیک، اسید سالیسیلیک و آب معمولی (شاهد) به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی دوم درنظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی سبب کاهش عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک بوته، وزن100دانه، محتوی نسبی آب برگ، پروتئین محلول برگ، کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئیدها وکلروفیل کل گردید. رقم ILC482 از محتوای نسبی آب برگ بیشتر و رقم کردستان از وزن100دانه بالاتری برخوردار بود. اسید آسکوربیک سبب افزایش وزن خشک بوته، کلروفیل a، کارتنوئیدها و کلروفیل کل گردید. کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک سبب افزایش کلروفیل b و پروتئین محلول برگ در شرایط تنش کامل گردید. وزن خشک بوته و محتوی نسبی آب برگ تحت تأثیر مواد تنظیم‌کننده رشد قرار نگرفتند. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق رقم ILC482 از لحاظ عملکرد دانه نسبت به رقم کردستان برتری داشت و تحمل بیشتری به تنش خشکی نشان داد. اسید آسکوربیک در افزایش عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک بوته، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی وحفظ محتوای آب برگ، نقش بیشتری را در آزمایش داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

  1. Ahmad, F., Gaur, P., and Croser, J. 2005. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum ). In: R.Singh & P. Jauhar (Eds.). Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering and Crop Improvement-Grain Legumes, CRC Press USA, 185-214.
  2. Ahmadi, A., and Seiocemardeh, A. 2004. Effect of drought stress on soluble carbohydrate, chlorophyll and Proline in four adopted wheat cultivars with various climate of Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science 35: 753-763. (In Persian with English Summary).
  3. Al-Hakimi, A.M.A. 2001. Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl on gas exchange and growth of wheat plants by ascorbic acid, thiamin and sodium salicylate. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 4(7): 762-765.
  4. Baghi-zadeh, A., Ghorbanli, M., Haj, R.M., and Mozafari, H. 2009. Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on some of physiological and biochemical parameters in Okra (Hibiscus escalentus). Research Journal of Biological Sciences 4(4): 380-387.
  5. Barth, C.M. De Tullio., and Conklin, P.L. 2006. The role of ascorbic acid in the flowering time and the onset of senescence. Journal of Experimental Botany 57: 1657-1665.
  6. Beltagi, M.S. 2008. Exogenous ascorbic acid (vitamin C) induced anabolic changes for salt tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum ) plants. African Journal of Plant Science 10: 118-123.
  7. Black, M. and Prithard, H.W. 2002. Desiccation and survival of plants drying without dying. CABI International. London UK, pp: 413.
  8. Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Journal of Analytical Biochemistry 72: 248-254.
  9. Ehdaie, B., and Waines, J.G. 1993. Water requirement and transpiration efficiency of primitive wheats: A model for their use. pp. 187-197. In: A.B. Damania (E). Biodiversity and Wheat Improvement. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
  10. El-Tayeb, M.A. 2005. Response of barley gains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation 45: 215-225.
  11. Farooq, M.W., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., and Basra, S.M.A. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29: 153-
  12. Gad El-Hak, S.H., Ahmed, A.M., and Moustafa, Y.M.M. 2012. Effect of foliar application with two antioxidants and humic acid on growth, yield and yield components of peas (Pisum sativum). Journal of Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants 4: 318-328.
  13. Iqbal, M., and Ashraf, M. 2006. Wheat seed priming in relation to salt tolerance, growth, yield and level of free salicylic acid and polyamines. Annals of Botany 43(4): 250-259.
  14. Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Wahid, A., Farooq, M., AL-Juburi, H.J., Somasundaram, R., and Panneerselvam, R. 2009. Drought stress plants: A review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 11: 100-
  15. Jalota, S.K., Sood, A., and Harman, W.L. 2006. Assessing the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum ) yield to irrigation water on two soils in Punjab (India): A simulation analysis using the CROPMAN model. Agricultural Water Management 79: 312-320.
  16. Jamshidi Moghadam., M.,Pakniat,, and Farshadfar, E. 2007. Evaluation of drought tolerance of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) lines using agro-physiologic characteristics. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 23: 325-342. (In Persian with English Summary).
  17. Kim, M.J., Lim, G.H., Kim, E.S., Ko, C.B., Yang, K.Y., Jeong, J.A., Lee, M.C., and Kim, C.S. 2007. Abiotic and biotic stresses tolerance in Arabidopsis over expressing the multi protein bridging factor to (MBFla) transcriptional co activator gene. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 354: 440-446.
  18. Kumar Patel, P., Hemantaranjan, A., Sarma, B.K., and Singh, R. 2011.Growth and antioxidant system under drought stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum ) as sustained by salicylic acid. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 74: 130-144.
  19. Kulshreshtha, S., Mishra. D.P.,and Gupta. R.K., 1987. Changes in contents of chlorophyll, proteins and lipids in whole chloroplast, chloroplast membrane fractions at different leaf water potentials in drought resistant and sensitive genotype of wheat. Photosynthetica 21: 65-70.
  20. Maddah, S.M., Fallahian, F., Sabaghpour, S.H., and Chalabian, F. 2006. Effects of salicylic acid on yield, yield components and anatomical structure of chickpea. Journal of Basic Sciences 62: 61-70. (In Persian with English Summary).
  21. Mansouri-far, C., Modarres-Sanavy, S.A.M., and Jalali-javaran, M. 2005. Effect of drought stress and nitrogen deficit on quality and quantity soluble proteins in maize (Zea mays) leaf. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 36(3): 625-637. (In Persian with English Summary).
  22. Mehrabian Moqadam, N., Arvin, M.J., Khajoe Niad, Q.R., and Maqsoudi, K. 2011. The effect of salicylic acid on the growth and yield of maze seed and forage under drought stress in the field. Seed and Plant Production Journal 27: 41-55. (In Persian).
  23. Miguel, A., Rosales, Z., Juan, M., Ruiz, A., Hernandez, J., Soriano, T., Castilla,, and Romero,L. 2006. Antioxidant content and as ascorbate metabolism in cherry tomato exocarp in relation to temperature and solar radiation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86: 1545-1551.
  24. Nayyar, H. 2003. Accumulation of osmolytes and osmotic adjustment in water stressed wheat and maize as affected by calcium and its antagonists. Environmental and Experimental Botany 50: 253-264.
  25. Nonami, H., Wu, Y., and Matthewse, M.A. 1997. Decreased growth-induced water potential a primary cause of growth inhibition at low water potentials. Plant Physiology 114: 501-509.
  26. Popova, L.P., Maslenkova, L.T., Yordanova, R.Y., Ivanova, A.P., Krantev,.AP., Szalai ,G., and Janda, T. 2009. Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 47: 224-
  27. Raskin, I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 43: 439-
  28. Rezaeyan-zadeh, E. 2008. The Effects of Supplemental Irrigation on Yield and Yield Components and Growth Indices in Three Chickpea Cultivar (Cicer arietinum ). MSc. Thesis. University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian with English Summary).
  29. Sainio, P.P., and Rajala, A. 2001. Chlormequat chloride and ethephon affect growth and yield formation of conventional, naked and dwarf oat. Agricultural and Food Science 10: 165-174.
  30. Schofold, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Carver, B.F., and Moruhinweg, D.W. 1988. Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance indicators. Crop Science 28: 526-531.
  31. Shaban, M., Mansoori Far, S., Ghobadi, M., and Ashrafi Parchin, R. 2011. Effect of drought stress and starter nitrogen fertilizer on root characteristics and seed yield of four chickpea (Cicer arietinum ) genotypes. Seed and Plant Journal 17: 451-470. (In Persian with English Summary).
  32. Shakirova, M.F., Sakhabutdinova, A.R., Bezrukova, M.V., Fatkhutdinova, R.A.,and Fatkhutdinova, D.R. 2003. Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedlings induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Science 164(3): 317-322.
  33. Shalata, A., and Neumann, P.M. 2001. Exogenous ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) increases resistance to salt tolerance and reduced lipid per oxidation. Journal of Experimental Botany 364: 2207-2211.
  34. Shamsi, K. 2010. The effect of drought stress on yield, relative water content, proline, soluble carbohydrate and cholorophyll of bread wheat cultivars. Journal of Animal and Plant 3: 1051-1060.
  35. Sheteawi, S.A. 2007. Improving growth and yield of salt-stressed soybean by exogenous application of jasmonic acid and ascorbic. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 9: 473-478.
  36. Singh, K.B. 1997. Chickpea (Cicer arientinum ). Field Crops Research 53: 161-170.
  37. Sliman, Z.T., Refay, Y.A., and Mostafa,A.1994. Effects of cycocel rate and time of application on performance of two bread wheat cultivars. Research Bulletin 44: 5-19.
  38. Soltani, A., Khooie, R.F., Ghassemi-Golezani, K., and Moghaddam, M. 2001.Asimulation study of chickpea crop response to limited irrigation in a semiarid environment. Agricultural Water Management 49: 225-237.(In Persian).
  39. Sukran, D, Tohit, G., and Ridan, S. 1998. Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophyll A, B and total carotenoid contents of some algae species using different solvents. Turkish Journal of Botany 22: 13-17.
  40. Ullah, A., Bakht, J. Shafi., M., and Islam, W.A. 2002. Effect of various irrigations levels on different chickpea varieties. Asian Journal of Plant Science 4: 355-357.
  41. Xie, Z., Jiang,, Dai.,T., and Cao, W. 2004. Effect of exogenous ABA and cytokinin on leaf photosynthesis and grain protein accumulation in wheat ears cultured in vitro. Plant Growth Regulation 44: 25-32.
  42. Yang, J., Zhang,, Huang, Z., Wang, Z., Zhu, Q., and Liu, L. 2002. Correlation of cytokinin levels in the endosperms, roots, cell number and cell division activity during endosperm development in rice. Annals of Botany 90: 369-377.
  43. Yousefi, B., Kazemi Arbat, H., RahimZadeh Khoyi, F., and Moghadam, M. 1997. Study for some agronomic traits in chickpea cultivars under two irrigation regimes and path analysis of traits under study. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28(4): 147-162. (In Persian with English Summary).
  44. Wise, R.R., and Naylor, A.W. 1987. Chilling-enhanced photo-oxidation. The proxidative destruction of lipids during chilling injury to photosynthesis and ultra stracture. Plant Physiology 83: 278-282.
  45. Zarghamnejad, S., Rokhzadi, A., and Mohammadi, Kh. 2014.Chickpea response to ascorbic acid foliar application at vegetative and reproductive stages. International Journal of Biosciences 5(7): 166-170.
  46. Zeid,A., Osama, M., El Rahman, M., Abd Zahraa, F.E.,and Ebrahim, A. 2008. Effects of exogenous ascorbic acid on wheat tolerance to salinity stress conditions. Arab Journal of Biotechnology 12: 149-174.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار