برهمکنش یون‌های سدیم و پتاسیم بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک ارقام جم و پیروز نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مصطفی شمس آبادی ¹
• علی گنجعلی ^{1، 2}
• مهرداد لاهوتی ¹
• الهام امجدی ¹

¹ گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² گروه پژوهشی بقولات پژوهشکدة علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/ijpr.v11i2.78938

چکیده

یون سدیم به عنوان یکی از عوامل اصلی تنش شوری مطرح است و در این راستا گزارش‌هایی از نقش بهبوددهندگی یون کلسیم برای اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش شوری ارائه شده است. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تأثیر کلسیم در بهبود آسیب‌های ناشی از تنش شوری (یون سدیم) بر ارقام تجاری نخود (جم و پیروز) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط فیتوترون در محل آزمایشگاه فیزیولوژی گیاهی پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. هر گلدان به حجم دو لیتر حاوی مخلوطی از خاک باغچه و ماسه نرم به عنوان یک واحد آزمایشی در نظر گرفته شد. در این آزمایش تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری شامل صفر (شاهد)، 3، 6، 9 و 12 دسی زیمنس ­بر متر توأم با کاربرد سولفات کلسیم با غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد) و 5 میلی‌مولار بر ویژگی­های مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک گیاه در مرحله گلدهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. صفاتی مانند سطح برگ، طول ریشه و میزان پتاسیم برگ با افزایش غلظت یون سدیم کاهش یافت و این کاهش در سطوح شوری dS/m 12-9 معنی‌دار بود (05/0P≤). با افزایش میزان شوری صفاتی از قبیل مقاومت روزنه‌ای، مقدار سدیم و پرولین برگ و ریشه در راستای کاهش تلفات و جذب بیشتر آب به دنبال وقوع تنش ثانویه خشکی به صورت معنی‌داری افزایش یافت (05/0P≤). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از سولفات کلسیم به منظور کاهش آسیب‌های ناشی از تنش شوری به‌ویژه در سطوح بالای شوری می‌تواند در گیاه نخود امیدبخش باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تنش شوری
• کلسیم
• مرحله گلدهی
• نخود

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