ارزیابی استفاده از رهیافت اختلاط مالچ با علف‌کش‌های تریفلورالین و ایمازتاپیر در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی کارآیی اختلاط علف‌کش‌های تریفلورالین و ایمازتاپیر با مالچ خاک‌اره در مدیریت علف‌های‌هرز نخود، آزمایشی در سال زراعی95-1394 به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کاربرد مالچ خاک‌اره، علف‌کش‌های ایمازتاپیر و تریفلورالین و اختلاط هر کدام از این دو علف‌کش با مالچ خاک‌اره به دو صورت (مالچ آغشته به علف‌کش‌ و کاربرد علف‌کش زیر مالچ) به‌صورت پیش‌رویشی بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد ایمازتاپیر به‌صورت پیش‌رویشی خسارت شدیدی به نخود وارد کرد و به‌دلیل گیاه‌سوزی و توقف رشد، نخود را از بین برد، اما کاربرد تریفلورالین موجب کنترل علف‌های‌هرز و همچنین افزایش عملکرد نخود شد. همچنین کاربرد مالچ خاک‌اره به‌تنهایی باعث افزایش عملکرد نخود و کاهش تراکم و زیست‌توده علف‌های‌هرز نسبت به تیمار شاهد بدون کنترل شد. کاربرد همزمان تریفلورالین با مالچ نسبت به دیگر تیمارها بهترین نتیجه را در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز داشت، به‌طوری‌که مالچ آغشته به تریفلورالین دارای بیشترین عملکرد دانه (1450‌کیلوگرم در هکتار) و زیست‌توده (3700کیلوگرم در هکتار) نخود شد. اگرچه کاربرد تریفلورالین در زیر مالچ، کارآیی بیشتری در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز در طول فصل رشد داشت، اما باعث کاهش بقاء نخود و خسارت به آن شد.

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