تأثیر فواصل مختلف آبیاری بر برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک اکوتیپ‌های مختلف گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonaloba)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه هرمزگان

2 دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر

چکیده

آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­ کامل تصادفی، در سال­های 97-1396 در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان ایرانشهر اجرا شد. در این آزمایش سه سطح آبیاری با
فواصل 5، 7 و 9روزه به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و اکوتیپ‌های مختلف گوار (سرباز، سراوان، ایرانشهر،RGC1033، هندی،گرمبیت) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. کاشت بذر گوار در اسفندماه انجام شد و پس از استقرار گیاه در مرحله پنج‌برگی آبیاری با دورهای مختلف آغاز و تا مرحله برداشت بذرها ادامه یافت. با افزایش فاصله آبیاری ارتفاع گیاه اکوتیپ سرباز و سراوان به ‌‍طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت، اما تأثیری بر سایر اکوتیپ‌ها نداشت. طول ریشه اکوتیپ­ هندی با افزایش فاصله آبیاری به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت، درحالی‌که در اکوتیپ اصلاح‌شده RGC1033 و اکوتیپ‌های ایرانشهر و سرباز با افزایش فواصل آبیاری طول ریشه افزایش یافت. افزایش دور آبیاری باعث کاهش معنی­دار حداکثر کارآیی کوانتومی فتوسیستم II (Fv/Fm) در اکوتیپ‌های سرباز، گرمبیت و ایرانشهر شد. با افزایش دور آبیاری شاخص برداشت کاهش یافت، به طوری‌که بیشترین میانگین شاخص برداشت در دور آبیاری پنج روز به‌دست آمد. بیشترین میانگین عملکرد بیولوژیک در دور آبیاری هفت روز و اکوتیپ سراوان مشاهده شد. با توجه به صفات مختلف بررسی‌شده، اکوتیپ اصلاحی RGC1033 و اکوتیپ سراوان در بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی دارای بیشترین میانگین بودند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده دور آبیاری هفت روز مناسب‌ترین دور آبیاری جهت کشت گوار در مناطق جنوبی کشور پیشنهاد می‌شود.

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