بررسی تأثیر کاربرد زئولیت و پتاسیم بر برخی از صفات و عملکرد نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) در مدیریت‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه امور زراعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و مصرف مقادیر مختلف زئولیت و پتاسیم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود رقم آزاد، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 94-1393 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی همدان به‌صورت اسپلیت ‌فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رژیم رطوبتی در چهار سطح (شرایط دیم (بدون آبیاری)، آبیاری در مرحله گل‌دهی، آبیاری در مرحله غلاف­دهی و آبیاری هم در مرحله گل­دهی و هم غلاف­دهی) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و ترکیب تیماری مقدار زئولیت در سه سطح شامل 0، 15 و 30 تن در هکتار و مقدار پتاسیم در سه سطح شامل 0، 100 و 200کیلوگرم در هکتار (از منبع سولفات ‌پتاسیم) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف آبیاری، زئولیت و پتاسیم تأثیر معنی‌داری بر پرولین، غلظت پتاسیم دانه، پروتئین، میزان کلروفیل در زمان گلدهی و پرشدن دانه، عملکرد دانه، وزن بوته داشتند. اثر متقابل آبیاری و زئولیت در تمامی صفات به‌جز بر میزان کلروفیل در زمان پرشدن دانه معنی‌دار بود. در این بررسی بالاترین عملکرد دانه از آبیاری در مرحله گل‌دهی و غلاف‌دهی و مصرف 30 تن زئولیت در هکتار به‌دست آمد. با مصرف پتاسیم عملکرد دانه از 8 تا 13درصد افزایش یافت، به‌طوری که با مصرف 200کیلوگرم پتاسیم عملکرد دانه به 1243کیلوگرم در هکتار رسید. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که مرحله گل‌دهی حساس‌ترین مرحله به کمبود آب است و مصرف زئولیت و پتاسیم در شرایط تنش می‌تواند با تعدیل خسارات ناشی از تنش خشکی، اثر مثبتی بر عملکرد دانه داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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