ارزش‌ کالاها و خدمات حبوبات در نظام‎های زراعی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 گروه پژوهشی بقولات، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا با استفاده از روش انتقال منافع و داده‏های حبوبات منتخب مهم ایران، ارزش کالاها و خدمات حبوبات در نظام‏های زراعی در سال 1393 برآورد شود. این مطالعه نشان داد حبوبات نقش مهمی در تأمین نیازهای پروتئینی خانوارها و منبع درآمدی کشاورزان در سطح مزرعه‏ دارد. همچنین دارای خدمات و کارکردهای مثبت فراوان به لحاظ اقتصادی، اجتماعی، زراعی و اکولوژیکی- زیست‏محیطی و آثار منفی خارجی مانند انتشار گازهای گلخانه‏ای می‏باشد. برآوردها نشان داد که ارزش حبوبات در واحد سطح و نیز در سطح کلان در ایران به ترتیب برابر 22/60882 هزار ریال در هکتار و 12/48704071میلیون ریال است. مجموع سهم خدمات اقتصادی و اجتماعی حبوبات 84/60 درصد می‏باشد. همچنین مجموع سهم کارکردهای زراعی و اکولوژیکی- زیست‏محیطی حدود 16/39 درصد می‏باشد. ارزش صرفه‏جویی آب توسط حبوبات دیم برابر 02/797570 میلیون ریال محاسبه شده است. علاوه بر آن، در مجموع هزینه زیست‌محیطی انتشار N2O و CO2 حاصل از حبوبات منتخب برابر 04/8722 میلیون ریال برآورد شده است. با توجه به یافته‏های مطالعه، توجه به آثار مثبت خارجی حبوبات در نظام‏های زراعی ایران در سیاستگزاری‏های کلان ملی به‌ویژه از بُعد اختصاص بودجه تحقیقاتی توصیه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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