اثر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد و بهره‌وری نیتروژن دو رقم عدس دیم

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشکده مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای آن و همچنین مطالعه کارآیی جذب، مصرف و بهره‌وری نیتروژن دو رقم عدس دیم، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی این آزمایش سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (0، 40 و 80‌کیلوگرم در هکتار) و فاکتور فرعی شامل دو رقم عدس دیم (بیرجند و رباط) بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد دانه در غلاف و وزن۱۰۰‌دانه به‌ترتیب در شرایط عدم کاربرد کود نیتروژن و رقم بیرجند و تیمار ۴۰‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم رباط حاصل شد. تیمار 40‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم بیرجند حداکثر تعداد غلاف در بوته، عملکرد دانه (۲۳/۳۳۸‌کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (۶۸/۳۲۹۱‌کیلوگرم در هکتار)، میزان نیتروژن زیست‌توده و کارآیی جذب نیتروژن را به خود اختصاص داد. بالاترین بهره‌وری نیتروژن بر اساس عملکرد دانه (۳۹/3‌کیلوگرم دانه برکیلوگرم نیتروژن خاک) و زیست­توده (۴۸/۳۳‌کیلوگرم ماده خشک بر‌کیلوگرم خاک) در شرایط عدم استفاده از کود نیتروژن و رقم بیرجند به‌دست آمد که اختلاف معنی­داری با تیمار 40‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم بیرجند نداشت. با توجه به نتایج حاصله به‌‌منظور صرفه‌جویی در میزان مصرف کود و جلوگیری از تبعات منفی ناشی از زیادی مصرف آن، مصرف ۴۰‌کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار و استفاده از رقم بیرجند با رعایت تاریخ کاشت بهینه (با توجه به دیررس‌بودن آن) برای کشت عدس به‌صورت دیم در منطقه مورد مطالعه، مطلوب به‌نظر می­رسد.

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