برآوردنیازآبیوضرایبگیاهییک‌جزئیودوجزئینخودرقمبیونیج(CicerarietinumL.) درشرایطلایسیمتریومقایسهبامدلSIMDualKc

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

چکیده

استفادةبهینهازمنابعآبمستلزممحاسبةمیزانآبمصرفیوتعیینضرایب‌گیاهیمتناسبباهرمنطقهاست.مطالعهحاضردردوسالزراعی92-1391و93-1392به‌منظورتعیینضریب‌گیاهییک‌جزئیودوجزئیگیاهنخود(رقمبیونیج)درمنطقهکرمانشاهباشرایطآب‌و‌هوایینیمه‌خشکبااستفادهازلایسیمترزهکش‌دارانجامشدهاست.بدین‌منظورازپنجلایسیمترزهکش‌داراستوآن‌هایباقطر2/1‌متروارتفاع4/1‌متروباسطحمقطع13/1‌مترمربع،درمزرعهتحقیقاتیگروهمهندسیآبدرپردیسکشاورزیومنابعطبیعیدانشگاهرازیکرمانشاهاستفادهگردید.یکلایسیمتربهگیاهمرجع(چمن)،یکلایسیمتربهخاک(بدونپوششگیاهی)وسهلایسیمتردیگرآنبهگیاهموردمطالعه(نخودرقمبیونیج)اختصاصدادهشد.نیازآبینخوددردوسالبه‌ترتیب05/379و45/480‌میلی‌مترمحاسبهشد.متوسطضرایب‌گیاهیمنفردوضرایب‌گیاهیپایهدرمراحلاولیه،توسعه،میانیوپایانیبرایگیاهنخوددردوسالاجرایطرح،به‌ترتیببرابر(54/0،82/0،11/1و69/0)و(39/0،71/0،01/1و62/0)به‌دستآمد.همچنینبامقایسهنتایجبه‌دست‌آمدهازمدلSIMDualKcوروشلایسیمتریمشاهدهگردیدکهنتایجمدلبانتایجمحاسباتیهمبستگیبالاییدارند،به‌طوری‌کهدرسال1392، 85/0=R2ودرسال1393، 86/0=R2به‌دستآمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimationofchickpea(CicerarietinumL.)(Bivanij)waterrequirement,singleanddualcropcoefficientinlysimeterconditions andcomparisonwiththeSIMDualKcmodel

نویسنده [English]

  • Houshang Ghamarnia
Razi University
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Thechickpea(CicerarietinumL.)especiallyBivanijcultivarisoneofthemostimportantbeancropscultivatedintheKermanshahProvince.Thehighvalueofproteininchickpeaisthereasonforitscultivation.Foranefficientandoptimumuseofwaterresourcesineacharea,thewaterrequirementandcropcoefficientsofeachplantisnecessary.Thecropevapotranspirationandirrigationwaterrequirementcanbeestimatedfrommeteorologicaldata.Although,aprecisevaluesofmentionedparametersdeterminationcanbeobtainedbylysimeterinthefieldcondition.Determinationofcropcoefficientsisnecessaryforanaccurateirrigationwaterrequirementandirrigationscheduling.Also,cropwaterestimationatdifferentcropstagesmakesitaprecisedeterminationoftotalwaterrequirement.However,waterrequirementandthecropcoefficientsofchickpea(Bivanijcultivar)havenotbeendeterminedinsemiaridareainKermanshahprovinceforpracticalpurposesandproperirrigationmanagementuse.

Materials&Methods
Inthisstudythewaterrequirement,singleanddualcropcoefficientsofchickpea(Bivanij)cultivarwasdeterminedbyusingwaterbalancelysimeterduringtwoyearsfrom2013to2014.FivewaterbalancedrainablelysimetersinthelysimetericstationbelongtoDepartmentofIrrigationandWaterResourcesEngineeringinCampusofAgricultureandNaturalResource,RaziUniversitywereused.Onelysimeterwasusedforgrassevapotranspirationandonelysimeterwasusedforbaresoilevapotranspirationestimation.Therefore,threeLysimeterswereusedfordeterminationofchickpeaevapotranspiration.Drainablelysimeterswereusedwithaninternaldiameterof1.20mandadepthof1.40m.Bothinsideandoutsideofeachlysimeterwerepaintedwithepoxypainttopreventrusting.ATimeDomainReflectometersystem(Trime-FmwithP2Gprobes)wasusedtomeasuresoilmoisture.TDRprobeswere6mmindiameterand160mmlong.Theprobeswereinstalledinalllysimetersat6differentdepthsof0.20,0.40,0.60,0.80,1.0and1.2m.Theirrigationwascarriedoutinalllysimetersafter30%depletionofavailablesoilmoisturetoavoidanywaterstressesduringthegrowingperiod.Thecollectedwaterfromlysimeterswasmeasuredbyagradedcontainer.Siltyclaysoilconsistingof54%clay,42.3%siltand3.7%sandwasusedinlysimeters.Inthisstudy,theSIMDualKcmodelwerecalibratedandvalidatedforchickpeacroptofinditsabilityforproperandaccuratewaterresourcesmanagement.Regressioncoefficients(r),rootmeansquareerror(RMSE),meanbiaserror(MBE)andt-statistictest(t)wereusedforSIMDualKcmodelevaluationbycomparingobservedandsimulatedDualKcvaluesovertime,fortheexperimentalarea.


Results&Discussion
Waterrequirementofchickpea(Bivanijcultivar)wasdeterminedas379.05and480.45mmfor2013and2014respectively.Inthisstudy,theaveragelengthofthefourstagesofchickpeasduringyears2013and2014weredeterminedas16,24,39and25days.Thechickpeagrowingperiodinlysimeterswasdividedintofourstages(initial,development,middleandend).Theaveragesinglecropcoefficientsfordifferentperiodsofgrowthwereobtainedas0.54,0.82,1.11and0.69,respectively.Moreover,thebasalcropcoefficientsofchickpeasvaluesfordifferentperiodsofgrowthintwoyearsandtheaveragevalueswereobtainedas0.39,0.71,1.01and0.62,respectively.Also,bycomparingtheresultsoflysimetericdatawithSIMDualKcmodelitwasobservedthattheresultsofthemodelwithcalculationresultswerehighlycorrelatedas(R2=0.85)intheyear2013and(R2=0.86)inyear2014.

Conclusion
TheseasonalETcofchickpea(Bivanijcultivar)wasdeterminedinsemiaridareaofKermanshahprovince.Accordingtoobtainedresultsduringoftwoyearsinvestigation,itcanbesuggestthattheestimatedwaterrequirementandirrigationmanagementofchickpea’splantindryandsemi-dryclimatewithacceptableaccuracywaspossible.TheresultsofthisresearchshowedtheabilityofSIMDualKcmodelforestimatingallirrigationmanagementparameterswithhighaccuracyconditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drainablelysimeter
  • Referenceplant
  • Semi-dryclimaticconditions
  • Waterrequirement

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