ارزیابی اثر سیلیسیم بر صفات فیزیولوژی، کیفی و کمّی لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris) در تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

شوری یکی از تنش های محیطی و مانعی اساسی برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی است. تنش شوری، بر ویژگی های فیزیولوژی، مورفولوژی، آناتومی، ترکیب های شیمیایی و میزان آب بافت گیاهان مؤثر می باشد. حبوبات دومین منبع غذایی بشر پس از غلات به‌شمار می روند. در میان حبوبات، لوبیا از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. به-منظور بررسی اثر سیلیسیم بر صفات فیزیولوژی، کیفی و کمی لوبیا، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال 1390 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل 5 سطح شوری (1، 2، 3، 4 و 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) و 4 سطح سیلیکات سدیم (صفر، 5/0، 1و 2 میلی مولار) بودند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده های آزمایش نشان داد که با افزایش شوری مقدار آب برگ، وزن خشک کل، درصد پروتئین، عملکرد پروتیئن و عملکرد دانه به‌صورت معنی داری کاهش یافت. اما در مقابل، شوری موجب افزایش معنی داری در غلظت پرولین و غلظت قندهای محلول گیاه شد. سیلیکات سدیم نیز تأثیر معنی داری بر مقدار آب برگ و غلظت پرولین برگ داشت. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده در این آزمایش می توان گفت که مصرف سیلیکات سدیم از طریق بهبود خصوصیات رویشی موجب کاهش اثرات زیانبار شوری بر ویژگی های فیزیولوژی، کیفیت و کمیت دانه لوبیا شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of silicon on the physiological, quality and quantity characteristics of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Parande
  • Gholamreza Zamani
  • Mohammadhassan Sayyari
  • Mohammadghader Ghaderi
University of Birjand
چکیده [English]

Salinity is the major limiting factor for plant growth and crop productivity. Salt stress is effective on physiological characteristics, morphology, anatomy, chemical composition and water content of plant tissue. Pulses are the second of food source after the cereals for human. Among the Pulses, the bean has special importance. In order to investigate the effect of silicon on the physiological, quality and quantity characteristics of common bean, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomize completely design with 3 replications in the research greenhouse of Agriculture faculty of Birjand university in 2011. Treatments were including of 5 levels soil salinity (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ds.m-1) and 4 levels silicon (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM). The results of analysis of variance showed that the increasing of salinity caused significant reduce in leaf water content, total dry weight, protein content, protein yield and grain yield. But in contrast, salinity caused a significant increase in proline concentration and the concentration of soluble sugars of the plant. Silicon is also imposed a significant effect on leaf water content and proline concentration in leaves. Finally it could be concluded that using of Si in salinity condition reduced harmful effects of salinity on the physiological, quality and quantity characteristics of the bean plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Common bean
  • Sodium silicate
  • Proline
  • Soluble sugars
  • Protein percent

مراجع

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