روند تغییرات صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‌های نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) در پاسخ به تنش شوری ناشی از کلریدسدیم

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

شوری یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیرزیستی درحال‌گسترش بوده که علاوه بر اثرات سمی و تغذیه‌ای، توانایی گیاه برای جذب آب را کاهش می‌دهد. در مواجهه با تنش شوری، مجموعه‌ای از واکنش‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک در گیاهان ایجاد می‌شود. عملکرد نخود به‌دلیل حساسیت بالا به این تنش و به‌دنبال برخی پاسخ‌های قابل‌توجه در خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک، به‌شدت کاهش می‌یابد. در این تحقیق، پیامدهای غلظت‌های مختلف تنش شوری شامل صفر، 8 و
dS.m-1 12 بر ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‌های حساس و متحمل نخود در مراحل اولیه رشدونمو گیاه به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و چهار نمونه‌برداری با فاصله زمانی یک هفته مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس داده‌های حاصل، با افزایش غلظت کلریدسدیم و گذشت زمان (هفته چهارم)، ژنوتیپ‌های MCC760 و MCC806 به‌ترتیب از کمترین و بیشترین آسیب بر اساس شاخص‌های وزن‌خشک ریشه به وزن‌خشک اندام هوایی
(8/0 و 2برابر کاهش) و وزن‌خشک ریشه (7/1 و 4برابر کاهش) برخوردار بودند. در شدت‌ بالای تنش (dS.m-1 12)، ژنوتیپ‌ MCC760 نه‌تنها مقدار رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی (شامل کلروفیل‌های a، b و کارتنوئید‌ها) بیشتری داشت، بلکه شدت کاهش رنگدانه‌های این ژنوتیپ، کمتر و در مقابل، ضریب پایداری کلروفیل آن (75درصد) به‌صورت معنی‌داری بیشتر از سایر ژنوتیپ‌ها بود، به‌طوری‌که تفاوت آن با ژنوتیپ MCC806 بیش از 30درصد بود. درصد رطوبت نسبی در همه ژنوتیپ‌ها کاهش یافت و در هفته سوم، این دو ژنوتیپ به‌ترتیب با کاهش 8/1 و 4/3‌برابر نسبت به شاهد، کمترین و بیشترین تغییرات را نشان دادند. بنابراین در بین ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه ژنوتیپ MCC760 به‌عنوان متحمل‌ترین ژنوتیپ به تنش شوری معرفی شد و زمان مناسب جهت ارزیابی تحمل به این صفت بر مبنای خصوصیات مورفولوژیک، هفته چهارم و بر مبنای صفات فیزیولوژیک، هفته سوم تعیین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Trend of changes for morpho-physiological characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress (NaCl) condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Arefian
  • Saeedreza Vessal
  • Abdolreza Bagheri
  • Ali Ganjeali
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the most important widespread abiotic stresses which causes toxic and nutritional effects as well as loss of water absorption ability by plants. Plants respond to salinity with morphological changes. Due to high susceptibility of chickpea to salt stress, some physiological and morphological responses occur following the stress in this plant. Thus, different concentrations of salt stress (0, 8, 12 dS.m-1) impacts on morphophysiological characteristics were studied in candidate chickpea genotypes; a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was performed with three replications and four sampling times of one week interval. The results indicated that the most tolerant and susceptible genotype to salinity were MCC760 and MCC806, respectively. By increasing the concentration of sodium chloride at week 4, root dry weight to shoot dry weight ratio increased 0.8 and 2 folds in these genotypes but root dry weight decreased 1.7 and 4 folds. At high stress level (12 dS.m-1), MCC760 genotype had not only the more photosynthetic pigments (including chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) but also the rate was less in which its chlorophyll stability index (75%) was significantly higher than the others, indicating more than 30% significant differences compared with MCC806. The third week determined as more appropriate time to compare the physiological parameters in which MCC760 and MCC806 genotypes with 1.8 and 3.4 folds had significant difference and lowest relative water content. Overall, the data showed that MCC760 was the most tolerant genotype in response to salinity in this study and also the appropriate time for tolerant assessment were 4th and 3rd weeks after sowing based on Morphological and physiological parameters, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chickpea
  • Pigments
  • Relative water content
  • Root
  • salinity
  • Shoot
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