تأثیر مصرف کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی نیتروژنه بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در ارقام عدس

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه، ساوه، ایران

چکیده

مصرف بی‌رویه کودهای شیمیایی به منظور افزایش تولیدات کشاورزی به ویژه در بخش زراعی، موجب صدمات زیست‌محیطی و اختلال در حاصلخیزی خاک می‌شود. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی نیتروژنه بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های عدس، تحقیقی در سال زراعی 1394-1393 در ایستگاه اکباتان مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان انجام شد. این آزمایش در قالب فاکتوریل و بر مبنای طرح بلوک­ کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار با پنج تیمار کودی ( شاهد، سوپرنیتروپلاس، نیتروکسین، ریزوچک و کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه به عنوان استارتر) و سه رقم (بیله‌سوار و کیمیا، رقم محلی) اجرا شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمار کودی تأثیر معنی‌داری از نظر تعداد روز تا 50درصد‌ گل‌دهی، تعداد روز تا 50درصد غلاف‌دهی، تعداد غلاف در بوته، ارتفاع بوته، زیست‌تودة تولیدی و عملکرد دانه داشت. ارقام مورد مطالعه نیز از نظر تعداد روز تا 50درصد‌ گل‌دهی، تعداد روز تا 50درصد غلاف‌دهی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، زیست­تودة تولیدی، تعداد دانه در غلاف، وزن100دانه و عملکرد دانه اختلاف معنی‌دار آماری داشتند. اثرات متقابل کود×رقم در صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار نشد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمار مصرف کود ریزوچک و کمترین آن مربوط به تیمار شاهد (عدم مصرف کود) بود. افزون بر این، تیمار ریزوچک به ترتیب موجب افزایش 29، 16 و 49درصدی زیست‌توده، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد دانه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. در بین ارقام مورد بررسی، رقم بیله‌سوار عملکرد بالاتری نسبت به عدس رقم محلی تولید کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

  1. Afshari, A., Sabaghpour, S.H., Haj Seyyed Hadi, M.R., and Asadi Rahmani, H. 2013. Effect of Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on yield and yield components of common Bean. Plant Products Technology. 13(1): 1-11. (In Persian with English Summary).
  2. Ardekani, M.R., Mezaheri, D.M.F., and Noormahammadi, Gh. 2000. Role of Azospirillum symbiosis for absorbing micro and macro nutrition in wheat. In: Abstract Book of the 6th Iranian Congress of Crop Sciences, 3-6 Sep 2000, Mazenderan University- Babolsar-Iran. (In Persian).
  3. Asgharzadeh, A., and SalehRastin, N. 2000. Investigation of potential of symbiosis nitrogen fixation of indigenous Mesorhizobium ciceri with two varieties of Cicer arietinum in Iran. Soil and Water Journal 12(43): 7-33. (In Persian).
  4. El- Habbasha, S.F., Abdol El Salam, M.S., and Kabesh, M.O. 2007. Response of two sesame varieties (Sesamum indicum) to partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by bio-organic fertilizers. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science 3(6): 563-571.
  5. Elsheikh, E.A.E., and Hadi, E.A. 1999. Effect of Rhizobium inoculation and nitrogen fertilization on yield and protein content of six chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cultivars in marginal soils under irrigation. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 54: 57-63.
  6. Eydizadeh, K., Mahdavi Damghani, A., Sabahi, H., and Soufizadeh, S. 2010. Effects of integrated application of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer on growth of maize (Zea mays) in Shushtar. Agroecology 2(2): 292-301. (In Persian with English Summary).
  7. Faraji, A., and Arzanesh, M.H. 2013. Response of two canola genotypes to plant growth promoter bacteria (Azospirillum spp): seed yield and its components, dry matter and harvest index. Seed and Plant Production Journal 29(1): 17-29. (In Persian with English Summary).
  8. Ghasemzadeh-Ganjehie, M. Asgharzadeh, A. Effects of rhizobiums sush inoculation and fertilizer on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Khorasan-Razavi. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research 4(1): 51-58. (In Persian with English Summary).
  9. Gupta, A.K., and Samnotra, R.K. 2004. Effect of biofertilizers and nitrogen on growth, quality and yield of cabbage (Brassica napus). Environment Ecology 22: 551-553.
  10. Hasanzadeh, N., and Seyedsharifii, R. 2014. Effect of bacterial inoculation and nitrogen fertilizer timing on growth indices, yield and morphological traits of triticale (Triticosecale wittmack). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology 6 (18): 12-17. (In Persian with English Summary).
  11. Koutroubas, S.D., Parageorgiou, M., and Fotiadis, S. 2009. Growth and nitrogen dynamics of spring chickpea genotypes in a Mediterranean-type climate. Journal of Agriculture Science 147: 445-458.
  12. Karimi, M., and Siddique, K. 1991. Crop growth and relative growth rates of old and modern wheat cultivars. Australian Journal of Agriculture Research 42: 13-20.
  13. Khandan Bejandi, T., Seyed Sharifi, R., Sedghi, M., Asgari Zakaria, R., Namvar, A., and Jafari Moghaddam, M. 2010. Effect of plant density, rhizobia and microelements on yield and some of morphysiological characteristics of chickpea. European Journal of Crop Production 3(1): 139-157.
  14. Khodarahmi, M., Sabaghpour, S.H., and Farnia, A. 2013. Effect of different rhizobium strains on seed yield and its components of improved chickpea (Cicer arietinum ) cultivars. Seed and Plant Journal Production 29 (3): 403-412. ‌(In Persian with English Summary).
  15. Kumar, B., Pandey, P., and Maheshwari, D.K. 2009. Reduction in dose of chemical fertilizers and growth enhancement of sesame (Sesamum indicum) with application of rhizospheric competent Pseudomonas aeruginosa LES4. European Journal of Soil Biology 45: 334-340.
  16. Lodeiro, A.R., Gonzalez, P., Hernandez, A., Balague, L.J., and Favelukes, G. 2000. Comparison of drought tolerance in nitrogen-fixing and inorganic nitrogen-grown common bean. Plant Science 154: 31- 41.
  17. Majnoon-Hosseini, N. 2008. Agronomy and Pulses P Organization of Tehran Jahad-Daneshgahi Press. Pp 283. (In Persian).
  18. Mehrpoyan, M., Shirani Rad, A.H. 2011. Comparing the biological nitrogen fixation efficiency, in native and non-native strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum; bv. phaseoli ;bv.phaseoli in Common Bean. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research 2(2): 109-120. (In Persian with English Summary).
  19. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture. 2016. Agricultural Statistics for Agronomy, 2014-15. Department of Statistics and Information. Pp 163. (In Persian).
  20. Mishra, A., Prasad, K., and Rai, G. 2010. Effect of bio-fertilizer inoculations on growth and yield of dwarf field pea (Pisum sativum) in conjunction with different dose of chemical fertilizers. Journal of Agronomy 9(4): 163-168.
  21. Moghimi, F., and Yousefi Rad, M. 2013. The effects of nitroxin (Azotobacter) usage on yield and yield components of safflower (cv. Goldasht) in the presence of EDTA. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology 5(13): 39-47. (In Persian with English Summary).
  22. M., and Bagheri. A. 2008. Pulses. Jahade Daneshghahi Ferdousi University. 267-290 p. (In Persian).
  23. Pourakbar, L., Khayami, M., and Jelil, Kh. 1999. The interaction of Cu and EDTA on K+ leakageand some metals content in root and shoot of Maize (Zea mays) seedlings. Journal of Science of Tarbiyet Molalem 8(2): 121-132. (In Persian with English Summary).
  24. S.H. 1997. Genetic of Chickpea. Agriculture Education Nasher. Pp 61. (In Persian).
  25. S.H. 2006. Prospects and problems for enhancing grain yield of food legume on dryland in Iran. Iranian Journal of Crop Science 2(30): 15-54. (In Persian with English Summary).
  26. Sabaghpour, S.H. Seyedi, F., Mahmoodi, A. A. Safikhani, M., Pezeshkpour, P., and Rostemi, B. 2013. Kimiya, a new high yielding lentil cultivar for moderate cold and semi warm climate of Iran. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 29(1): 397-399. (In Persian with English Summary).
  27. Sabaghpour, S.H. 2015. Strategic Framework for Food Legume R Chap and Entesharat Organization. Pp 412. (In Persian).
  28. , S.H., Pouralibaba, H.R., Mehreban, A., Mostefayee, H., Pezakhpour, P., Kerimizadeh, R., Seyedi, F., Mahmoodi, A.A., Ferayedi, Y., Kamel, M., Alahyari, N., Baghdadi, H., and Shahab, M.R. 2017. Bilehsevar, a new large seed size and tolerance to fusarium wilt lentil cultivar for dryland condition of Iran. Journal of Research Achievements for Field and Horticulture Crops. (In Persian with English Summary).
  29. Sajadinik, E., Yadavi, A, Balouchi, H.R., and Farajee, H. 2011. Effect of chemical (Urea), organic (Vermicompost) and biological (Nitroxin) fertilizers on quantity and quality yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum). Journal of sustainable Agriculture and production Science 21(2): 87-101. (In Persian with English Summary).
  30. Saxena, P.K. and King, J. 1987. Morphogenesis in lentil plant regeneration from callus on Lens culinaris Medik via somatic embryogenesis. Plant Scienes 52: 223-227.
  31. Shakeri, E., Amini Dehaghi, M., Tabatabaei, S.A., and Modares Sanavi, S.A. 2012. Effect of chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer on seed yield, its components, oil and protein percent in Sesame varieties. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science 22(1): 71-85.
  32. Sharman, A.K. 2004. Biofertilizers for Sustainable A Agrobios. India.
  33. Sherifi, A. 2013.The Effect of Biological and Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Improved Chickpea V Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Breeding. Azad University, Savah Branch. M.Sc. Thesis. Pp 104. (In Persian with English summary).
  34. Solemani, R., and Asgharzadeh, A. 2010. Effects of Mesorrhizobium inoculation and fertilizer application on yield and yield components of rain-fed chickpea. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research 1(1): 1-8. (In Persian with English Summary).
  35. Subba Rao, N.S. 1988. Biofertilizers in A Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi India.
  36. Vessy, J.K. 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizer. Plant and Soil 3: 255-258.
  37. Yousry, M., Kabesh, O.M., and Saber,‌ M.S. 1978. Manganese availability in a calcareous soil as a result of phosphate fertilization and inoculation with Phosphobacterin. African Journal Agriculture Science 5(2): 1386-1392.
  38. Zahir, Z.A., Chani, U., Naveed, M., Nadeem, S.M., and Asghar,‌ H. N. 2009. Comparative effectiveness of Psedomonas and Serratia Containing ACC-deaminase for improving growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salt-stressed conditions. Archives of Microbiology Journal 191: 415-424.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار