ارزیابی اثرات میدان مغناطیسی بر جوانه‌زنی بذر نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر میدان ‌مغناطیسی با شدت و زمان‌های مختلف قرارگیری بر روی برخی از صفات جوانه‌زنی بذر نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) رقم ILC482، آزمایشی در سال 1392در آزمایشگاه تحقیقات عالی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه‌تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای این مطالعه عبارت‌بودند از: شدت میدان مغناطیس در دو سطح (100 و 150‌میلی‌تسلا) و زمان قرارگیری در معرض میدان مغناطیس در 5‌سطح ( 1، 2، 3، 4 و 5‌ساعت) و تیمار شاهد نیز بدون اعمال میدان مغناطیسی در آزمایش درنظرگرفته شد. نتایج نشان‌داد که میدان مغناطیسی به‌طور معنی‌داری بر جوانه‌زنی نخود تأثیر‌گذار بود. بذوری‌که در معرض میدان 100‌میلی‌تسلا به‌مدت دوساعت قرار گرفتند، بیشترین میزان طول ریشه‌چه را داشتند، به‌طوری‌که طول ریشه‌چه نسبت به تیمار شاهد (33/6‌سانتی‌متر) 33‌درصد افزایش یافت. در تیمار میدان مغناطیسی با شدت 150میلی‌تسلا و به‌مدت 5ساعت، میزان طول ریشه‌چه نسبت به تیمار شاهد، 30درصد افزایش نشان داد. طول ساقه‌چه بذور نخود در تیمار اعمال دوساعت میدان مغناطیسی 100میلی‌تسلا نسبت به تیمار شاهد (67/1‌سانتی‌متر) و در تیمار اعمال 5ساعت میدان مغناطیسی150میلی‌تسلا به‌میزان 9/46درصد افزایش یافت. بیشترین میزان وزن خشک ریشه‌چه در تیمار 2ساعت زمان میدان مغناطیسی150میلی‌تسلا بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد 9/51درصد افزایش نشان داد. در تیمار اعمال 5ساعت میدان مغناطیسی شدت 150میلی‌تسلا 46درصد وزن خشک ساقه‌چه نخود نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیش‌تر بود و همچون سایر صفات مورد ‌اندازه‌گیری، تیمار ذکر‌شده بیشینه وزن خشک ساقه‌چه نخود را به‌خود اختصاص داد؛ اما وزن خشک بقایای بذر در اثر میدان مغناطیسی کاهش یافت. از آنجا‌ که میدان مغناطیسی سبب بهبود رشد گیاهچه می‌شود، در نتیجه تخلیه مواد‌غذایی سازنده بذر، سریع‌تر و بهتر صورت می‌گیرد و لذا منجر به سریع‌شدن دوره رشد در زمان جوانه‌زنی بذر نخود در شرایط آزمایشگاهی خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of magnetic field on germination of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • ghadrieh mahmoudi 1
  • Ali ghanbari 1
  • Mahdi rastgoo 1
  • mostafa gholi zade 1
  • iraj tahmasebi 2
1 Ferodwsi University of Mashhad
2 Kurdistan University
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Proteins are one of the basic and essential required compounds for life, and the creatures receive it either from a plant or animal origin. It has been reported that the positive effects caused by applying the magnetic field are due to the paramagnetic properties of the cells within the plant, and pigments such as the Chloroplast. Biophysical methods (magnetic fields, electricity, etc.) could improve the growth of plants with high energy rates. These methods, improve the energy levels independent from their source, and increase the electric potential of the cell membrane. Stimulating physical methods do not affect the physiological traits of the plant controlled by the genetic systems. In order to study the effect of intensity and duration of magnetic field on some properties of seed germination of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivar ILC482 an experiment was conducted in Advanced Research Laboratory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The goal of the experiment was to determine the possibility of improving the germination and vigor of the chickpea seed by using various intensities and durations of a magnetic field.

Materials & Methods
The experiment included magnetic field intensities (100 and 150 mT magnetic field), five exposure duration (60, 120, 180, 240 and 350 min) and control. After preparing the seeds, 40 seeds were placed in a transparent plastic bag between the magnetic poles in order to apply the magnetic field. For applying the magnetic field, the magnetic generator was used made up from two strong, constant magnets which the opposite poles faced one another, and the field intensity was changed by changing the distance between them. The seeds with a root length of over 2 millimeters were recorded as germinated. At the end of the test (day 10), the shoot and root lengths, seed, root, and shoot fresh weights were measured and recorded. The statistical tests were done via the MSTAT-C and SIGMAPLOT 12 software, and the EXCEL 2007 also was used in drawing the charts. Duncan's multiple range tests was used to compare means. All statements of significance were based on probability of P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter of seedling
  • Fresh weight of seedling
  • Magnetic field intensity
  • Seedling length

مراجع

1. Aladjadjiyan, A. 2007. The use of physical methods for plant growing stimulation in Bulgaria. Journal of Central European Agriculture 8: 369-380.
2. Aladjadjiyan, A. 2010. Influence of stationary magnetic field on lentil seeds. International Agrophysics 24: 321-324.
3. Bhowmik, P.C. 1997. Weed biology importance to weed management. Weed Science 45: 349-356.
4. Cakmak, T., Dumlupinar, R., and Erdal, S. 2009. Acceleration of germination and early growth of wheat and bean seedlings grown under various magnetic field and osmotic conditions. Bioelectromagnetics 30: 1-10
5. Dhawi, F., Al-Khayri, J.M., and Hassan, E. 2009. Static magnetic field influence on elements composition in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Research Journal Agriculture Biological Sciences 5: 161-166.
6. Dianat, Z., Pirasteh, H., and Emam, Y. 2012. Effect of intensity and duration of magnetic field on germination and seedling growth of wheat cv. Niknejad. The First National Conference on Abiotic Stresses. Isfahan, Iran. 1-2 Nov. 2012. p.125
7. FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization), 2012. FAOSTAT database for agriculture. Available online at: http://faostat.fao.org/faostat/collection?subset=agriculture
8. Feizi, H., Rezvanimoghadam, P., Koocheki, A., Shahtahmassebi, N., and Fotovat, A. 2012. Influence of intensity and exposure duration of magnetic field on behavior of seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agroecology 3(4): 482-490. (In Persian with English Summary).
9. Florez, M., Carbonell M.V., and Martinez, E. 2007. Exposure of maize seeds to stationary magnetic fields: Effects on germination and early growth. Environment Experimental Botany 59:68-75.
10. Forcella, F., Oskaui, K.E., and Wanger, S.W. 1993. Application of weed seed bank ecology to low input crop management. Ecology Application 3: 74-83.
11. Garcia, R.F., and Arza, P.L. 2001. Influence of a stationary magnetic field on water relations in lettuce seeds. Part I: theoretical considerations. Bioelectromagnetics 22: 589-595.
12. Gaur, P.M., Tripathi, S., Gowda, C.L.L., Ranga Rao, G.V., Sharma, H.C., Pande, S., and Sharma, M. 2010. Chickpea Seed Production Manual. Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics 28 pp.
13. Grundy, A.C.W., Bond, and Burston, S. 1999. Weed suppression by crops. The Brighton Conference Weeds. P. 957-962.
14. Hozayn, M., and Abdul Qados, A.M.S. 2010. Irrigation with magnetized water enhances growth, chemical constituent and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America 1(4): 671-676.
15. Hozayn, M., Abd El-Monem, A.A., Abdul Qados, A.M.S., and Abd El-Hameid, E.M. 2011. Response of some food crops to irrigation with magnetized water under green house condition. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 5(12): 29-36.
16. ISTA. 2009. ISTA Rules. International Seed Testing Association. Zurich, Switzerland. 47 pp.
17. Martinez, E., Carbonell, M.V., Amaya J.M., and Maqueda, R. 2009. Germination of tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) under magnetic field. International Agrophysics 23: 45-49.
18. Meiqiang, Y., Minging, H., Buzhou, M., and Tengcar, M. 2005. Stimulating effects of seed treatment by magnetized plasma on tomato growth and yield. Journal Plasma Science Technology 7: 3143-3147.
19. Moon, J.D.C., and Sook, H. 2000. Acceleration of germination of tomato seed by applying AC electric and magnetic fields. Journal Electrostatics 48: 103-114.
20. Parsa, M., and Bagheri, A. 2008. Beans. Jihad Daneshgahi Mashhad, Iran. P: 522.
21. Racuciu, M., Creanga, D., and Horga, I. 2008. Plant growth under static magnetic field influence. Romania Journal Physics 53: 353-359.
22. Vashisth, A., and Nagarajan, S. 2008. Exposure of seeds to static magnetic field enhances germination and early growth characteristics in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Bioelectromagnetics 29: 571-578.
23. Vasilevski, G. 2003. Perspectives of the application of biophysical methods in sustainable agriculture. Bulgarian Journal Plant Physiology (Special Issue): 179-186.
24. Yinan, Y., Yuan, L., Yongqing, Y., and Chunyang, L. 2005. Effect of seed pre treatment by magnetic field on the sensitivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings to ultraviolet-B radiation. Environment and Experiment Botany 54: 286-294.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار