بررسی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در پاسخ به مالچ ضایعات چای و کنترل علف‌های‌هرز

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مجید قنبری
• علی مختصی بیدگلی
• پرنیان طالبی سیه سران
• سید رامین حسینی

دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

10.22067/ijpr.v12i1.80185

چکیده

این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی تأثیر مالچ ضایعات چای و کنترل علف­های‌هرز بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی لوبیا، به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل پنج زمان کنترل علف­هرز از طریق وجین دستی شامل شاهد (بدون کنترل علف‌هرز) و کنترل علف‌هرز هر یک، دو، چهار و شش هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و سه مقدار مالچ ضایعات چای شامل صفر، پنج و 10 تن در هکتار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کنترل علف‌هرز و مالچ ضایعات چای بر کلیه صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده معنی­دار بود. همچنین، برهمکنش دوگانه این تیمارها از نظر صفات کربوهیدرات محلول، نشاسته، تعداد غلاف در بوته لوبیا و وزن خشک علف‌هرز معنی­دار بود. با کاربرد پنج و 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای در هکتار، به­ترتیب 59/35 و 90/55 درصد از وزن خشک علف‌هرز کاسته شد. با کنترل علف‌هرز هر هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و کاربرد پنج و 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای در هکتار، به­ترتیب 48/45 و 12/74 درصد از وزن خشک علف‌هرز کاسته شد. به­طور کلی، با توجه به کاهش وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز و نشاسته و افزایش کربوهیدرات محلول در شرایط کنترل علف‌هرز هر دو هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و 10 تن در هکتار مالچ ضایعات چای، استفاده از 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای همراه با کنترل علف‌هرز هر دو هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن در مزارع لوبیا توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• توده بومی
• خاکپوش
• دگرآسیبی
• عملکرد دانه
• وجین

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